This session explores the evolving cybersecurity challenges faced by critical transportation systems, including railways, maritime operations, aviation, public transit networks (buses and trams), freight and logistics, highways, and emerging mobility solutions such as autonomous vehicles. Cyber threats to these systems can disrupt operations, compromise safety, and threaten economic stability. The session will examine vulnerabilities, risk mitigation strategies, and the role of cybersecurity technologies. We will also discuss emerging compliance and regulatory requirements, such as the EU NIS Directive, US TSA Cybersecurity Directives, and industry-specific cybersecurity standards, all of which impact cybersecurity practices within the transportation sector.